Ta’dil al-Arkan refers to performing the pillars of prayer in a complete, proper, and composed manner. The term “tuma’ninah,” often used interchangeably, denotes the state of calmness and stillness in each posture, ensuring that the action is performed correctly and fully. This concept is particularly emphasized during specific parts of the prayer, including:
Ruku’ (bowing)
Qawmah (standing upright after bowing)
Sujud (prostration)
Jalsa (sitting between the two prostrations)
The Hanafi Perspective
In the Hanafi school, there is a strong opinion that practicing ta’dil al-arkan in these four instances is wajib (necessary). However, another opinion from Imam Abu Yusuf, a prominent Hanafi scholar, classifies ta’dil al-arkan as farz (obligatory), similar to the stance held by some other Islamic schools of thought (al-Marghinani, al-Hidayah, 1/51; Ibn Abidin, Radd al-Muhtar, 1/464, 465, 472).
The Significance of Ta’dil al-Arkan
The practice of ta’dil al-arkan ensures that the prayer is performed with proper reverence and composure. It prevents hasty movements and encourages a more focused, spiritually fulfilling prayer experience. The importance placed on this practice by scholars highlights its role in preserving the integrity of the Salah.
Adhering to ta’dil al-arkan is crucial in performing Salah correctly. While the classification may differ between wajib and farz across various opinions, its implementation is vital for achieving the full spiritual and physical fulfillment of prayer.